Signal used in a great number of applications, electromagnetism in the environment, seismic sounding, submarine acoustics, machine diagnostic... are conveyed by acoustic, elastic or electromagnetic waves. These signals received on an array of sensors, scalar or vectorial, are generally made of several components related to different sources and propagated by different kind of waves. The first step in the analysis and the interpretation consists in wave separation in order to distinguish the contribution of the different physical sources. In our talk we present separation procedures associating wave physics and signal processing.