(1) A high-performance, single-user computer typically used for graphics, CAD, software development and scientific applications. A workstation may be a RISC-based computer that runs under some version of Unix or Linux, the major vendors being Sun, HP, IBM and SGI. It may also refer to a high-end PC using Intel or AMD CPUs from any PC vendor. In all cases, the term implies a machine with a fast CPU and large amounts of memory and disk that is geared toward the professional user rather than the consumer.
(2) A terminal or desktop computer in a network. In this context, workstation is just a generic term for a user's machine (client machine) in contrast to a "server" or "mainframe."
(3) In the telecom industry, a combined telephone and computer.
Workstations
For years, workstations such as these from Sun, Compaq and SGI (top to bottom) were used for CAD, medical imaging and scientific visualization. Combined with large, high-resolution monitors, they were traditionally Unix based and pushed the envelope in performance. However, Windows PCs have made significant inroads in this market. (Images courtesy of Sun Microsystems Computer Company, Compaq Computer and SGI.)
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